Don't stop taking an antidepressant or other medication just so that you can drink. Most antidepressants require taking a consistent, daily dose to maintain a. Taking an antibiotic medication. Tyramine Free Diets What is tyramine? If you experience migraines or take monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), you may have heard of a tyramine- free diet. Tyramine is a compound produced by the breakdown of an amino acid called tyrosine. It’s naturally present in some foods, plants, and animals. Function What does tyramine do? Your adrenal glands generally respond to tyramine by sending catecholamine, or the fight- or- flight hormone, into the bloodstream along with three other hormones: dopaminenorepinephrineepinephrine. This gives you a boost of energy and, in turn, elevates your blood pressure and heart rate. Most people consume tyramine without experiencing any negative side effects. However, the release of this hormone can cause life- threatening blood pressure spikes, especially when consumed in excessive amounts. Diet When should I consider a tyramine- free diet? Tyramine- rich foods might interact with or alter how medications work in your body. For example, certain MAOIs, including certain antidepressants and medications for Parkinson’s disease, can cause tyramine buildup. Excessive tyramine intake may lead to a hypertensive crisis that can be fatal, according to the Mayo Clinic. A hypertensive crisis can occur when blood pressure is so high that you have a greater chance of stroke or death. If you have a poor ability to break down amines such as tyramine or histamine, you may experience allergic- type reactions to small amounts of amines. Your doctor may say that you’re “amine intolerant.”For the majority of people who are amine intolerant, tyramine’s effects are most obvious when you have excessive amounts. At high enough levels, you might experience symptoms, such as: heart palpitationsnauseavomitingheadaches. If you think you may be sensitive to tyramine or if you’re taking MAOIs, report any symptoms to your doctor. As a treatment for migraines, some doctors recommend trying a low- tyramine or tyramine- free diet, such as the ones provided by Northwestern Memorial Hospital’s Health Learning Centers. The diet’s effectiveness for treating migraines isn’t medically proven. Foods What foods are high and low in tyramine? If you’re sensitive to tyramine or you’re taking MAOIs, you may want to limit your intake of tyramine- rich foods and beverages to lower your chances for tyramine buildup. High- tyramine foods. Certain foods have high amounts of tyramine, especially foods that are: fermentedcuredaged spoiled. Specific foods with high tyramine content include: strong or aged cheeses like cheddar, blue cheese, or gorgonzolacured or smoked meats or fish, such as sausage or salamibeers on tap or home- brewedsome overripe fruitssoy products like miso soup, bean curd, or tofucertain beans, such as fava or broad beanssome sauces or gravies like soy sauce, teriyaki sauce, or bouillon- based saucespickled products like sauerkrautsourdough breads. Moderate- tyramine foods. Some cheeses are less tyramine- rich, such as: American. Parmesanfarmer’s. Havarti. Brie. Other foods with moderate levels of tyramine include: avocadoesanchoviesraspberrieswines. You may be able to have some beer or other alcoholic drinks; be sure to ask your doctor. Low- or no- tyramine foods. Fresh, frozen and, canned meats, including poultry and fish, are acceptable for low- tyramine diets: Tips Tips for limiting tyramine intake. If you want to limit your tyramine intake, follow these guidelines: Use extra caution when selecting, storing, and preparing your food. Eat fresh produce within two days of purchase. Read all food and drink labels carefully. Avoid spoiled, aged, fermented, or pickled foods. Don’t thaw foods at room temperature. Thaw in the refrigerator or the microwave instead. Eat canned or frozen foods, including produce, meats, poultry, and fish, right after opening. Buy fresh meats, poultry, and fish and eat them the same day, or freeze them immediately. Keep in mind that cooking will not lower tyramine content. Use caution when you eat out because you don’t know how foods have been stored. Takeaway The takeaway. Tyramine buildup in the body has been associated with migraines and life- threatening blood pressure spikes in people taking MAOI antidepressants. If you experience migraines, think you may be intolerant to amines, or take MAOIs, you may want to consider a low- tyramine or tyramine- free diet. Talk to your doctor first, and ask them if this diet will work well with your ongoing medical treatment.
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July 2017
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